IgA

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IgA
2D structure for IgA
Chemical Name
Chemical Formula
CAS Number
Chemical Information
Biochemical Taxonomy
Functional Taxonomy
Nutritional Taxonomy
Metabolic Pathways
Biofluid Location
Tissue Location
Normal Biofluid Concentrations
Normal Tissue Concentrations
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition
Other (Monogenic Disorders)
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations
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Physiological Processes

Authors:	L. Pellis
Affiliations:	TNO, the Netherlands

1 Introduction
2 Biological Function
3 Catabolism
4 Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition
- 4.1 Associated decreased protein/metabolite profile
- 4.2 Associated increased protein/metabolite profile
5 Other (Monogenic) Disorders
6 Nutritional Information
7 Drivers for biological variation
8 Vulnerable groups
9 Other resources
10 Links

Introduction

guidelines

Human Immunoglobulin A (IgA)

Secretory IgA is found in tears, sweat, saliva, milk, and colostrum, and in gastrointestinal and bronchial secretions. It protects the mucosa from bacteria and viruses. The presence of secretory IgA also affects the development of allergic (IgE) reactions to various ingested antigens by binding the antigens and preventing IgE responses. Increased serum IgA is common in patients with skin, gut, respiratory, and renal infections and in ARC/ AIDS. In portal cirrhosis, IgA and sometimes IgG are increased. Deficiency of IgA is found in one in 750 individuals. Absence of this immunoglobulin is also found in ataxia telangiectasia. A significant number of IgA-deficient individuals will have circulating anti-IgA, which can mediate fatal anaphylactoid reactions when sources of immunoglobulin are infused (e.g., blood component therapy).

Rodent Immunoglobulin A (IgA)

Secretory IgA is found in tears, sweat, saliva, milk, and colostrum, and in gastrointestinal and bronchial secretions. It protects the mucosa from bacteria and viruses. The presence of secretory IgA also affects the development of allergic (IgE) reactions to various ingested antigens by binding the antigens and preventing IgE responses. Increased serum IgA is common in animals with skin, gut, respiratory, and renal infections. In portal cirrhosis, IgA is increased.

Biological Function

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IgA is the major immunoglobulin class in body secretions. It may serve both to defend against local infection and to prevent access of foreign antigens to the general immunologic system.

IgA molecule consists of two basic Y-shaped units which are connected together with a joining chain. Each Y-shaped unit consists of four polypeptides chains, two heavy chains and two light chains, each with constant and variable region. The variable region contains the antigen binding site.