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The NuGOwiki Metabolite Database is a joint initiative of NuGO and HMDB
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| IGF1 | |
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| [[Image:{{{Image}}}|thumb|220px|2D structure for IGF1]] | |
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| Nutritional Taxonomy | |
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| Authors: | L. Pellis |
| Affiliations: | TNO, the Netherlands |
Contents |
Introduction
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is produced by the liver and target tissues. Production is stimulated by growth hormone and retarded by undernutrition. A large fraction of circulating IGF-1 is complexed with IGF binding proteins. IGF-1 is closely related to a second protein called "IGF-2". IGF-2 also binds the IGF-1 Receptor, and mediates growth in the same way that IGF-1 does. However, IGF-2 alone binds a receptor called the "IGF II Receptor" (also called the Mannose-6 phosphate receptor), which is apparently a non-signaling receptor. IGF-1 is produced throughout life. The highest rates of IGF-1 production occur during the pubertal growth spurt. The lowest levels occur in infancy and old age. IGF-1 levels can be measured in the blood in 10-1000 ng/ml amounts. As levels do not fluctuate greatly throughout the day, IGF-1 is used by physicians as a screening test for growth hormone deficiency and excess. As the name "insulin-like growth factor 1" implies, IGF-1 is structurally related to insulin, and is even capable of binding the insulin receptor, albeit at lower affinity than insulin.
Recommended name:
Insulin-like growth factor IA, IGF-IA
Alternative name(s):
Insulin-like growth factor 1, IGF1
Somatomedin-C
Mechano growth factor, MGF
Biological Function
The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity.