Progesterone

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Progesterone
2D structure for Progesterone
Chemical Name	(8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-acetyl-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
Chemical Formula	C₂₁H₃₀O₂
CAS Number	57-83-0
Chemical Information	HMDB01830
Biochemical Taxonomy	Steroids and Steroid Derivatives
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Not Available
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Tissue Location	Fibroblasts Gonads Neurons Placenta Platelet Prostate Testes Testis Adipose Tissue
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 0.0019 (0.0-0.0038) uM Blood: 0.0025 +/- 0.0005 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.001 (0.00002-0.002) uM
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Apparent pregnene hydroxylation deficiency Female Follicular phase Female Luteal phase Postmenopausal Pregnancy 1st trimester Pregnancy 2nd trimester Pregnancy 3rd trimester Psychiatric patient
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood (Apparent pregnene hydroxylation deficiency): 0.0006 (0.0003-0.001) uM Blood (Female Follicular phase): 0.002 (0.00-0.0045) uM Blood (Female Luteal phase): 0.049 (0.008-0.089) uM Blood (Postmenopausal): 0.001 (0.00- 0.0022) uM Blood (Pregnancy 1st trimester): 0.089 (0.029-0.150) uM Blood (Pregnancy 2nd trimester): 0.259 (0.054-0.464) uM Blood (Pregnancy 3rd trimester): 0.493 (0.175-0.811) uM Blood (Psychiatric patient): 0.0025 +/- 0.0017 uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

guidelines
The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the corpus luteum and the placenta. Progesterone acts on the uterus, the mammary glands and the brain. It is required in embryo implantation, pregnancy maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for milk production. Progesterone, converted from pregnenolone, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of gonadal steroid hormones and adrenal corticosteroids. -- Pubchem; Progesterone is a C-21 steroid hormone involved in the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy (supports gestation) and embryogenesis of humans and other species. Progesterone belongs to a class of hormones called progestagens, and is the major naturally occurring human progestagen. -- Wikipedia; During implantation and gestation, progesterone appears to decrease the maternal immune response to allow for the acceptance of the pregnancy. Progesterone decreases contractility of the uterine smooth muscle. The fetus metabolizes placental progesterone in the production of adrenal mineralo- and glucosteroids. A drop in progesterone levels is possibly one step that facilitates the onset of labor. In addition progesterone inhibits lactation during pregnancy. The fall in progesterone levels following delivery is one of the triggers for milk production. -- Wikipedia