Guanosine triphosphate

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Guanosine triphosphate
2D structure for Guanosine triphosphate
Chemical Name	[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl (hydroxy-phosphonooxyphosphoryl) hydrogen phosphate
Chemical Formula	C₁₀H₁₆N₅O₁₄P₃
CAS Number	86-01-1
Chemical Information	HMDB01273
Biochemical Taxonomy	Nucleotides
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Not Available
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Tissue Location	Placenta Platelet Testis Neurons
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 108.0 +/- 35.0 uM Blood: 56.0 +/- 7.0 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 1.83 +/- 0.032 uM
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Cerebral stroke Epilepsy Neuroinfection Rachialgia Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	GTP cyclohydrolase i deficiency OMIM: 233910 Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 6 OMIM: 606762
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Cerebral stroke): 1.30 +/- 1.23 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Epilepsy): 2.08 +/- 1.91 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Neuroinfection): 1.92 +/- 1.53 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Rachialgia): 1.59 +/- 1.42 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Subarachnoid hemorrhage): 2.80 +/- 1.80 uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

guidelines
Guanosine triphosphate (GTP) is a guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. GTP functions as a carrier of phosphates and pyrophosphates involved in channeling chemical energy into specific biosynthetic pathways. GTP activates the signal transducing G proteins which are involved in various cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and activation of several intracellular kinase cascades. Proliferation and apoptosis are regulated in part by the hydrolysis of GTP by small GTPases Ras and Rho. Another type of small GTPase, Rab, plays a role in the docking and fusion of vesicles and may also be involved in vesicle formation. In addition to its role in signal transduction, GTP also serves as an energy-rich precursor of mononucleotide units in the enzymatic biosynthesis of DNA and RNA.