N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid

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N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid
2D structure for N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid
Chemical Name	(2S)-2-acetamidobutanedioic acid
Chemical Formula	C₆H₉NO₅
CAS Number	997-55-7
Chemical Information	HMDB00812
Biochemical Taxonomy	Amino Acids
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Not Available
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Urine
Tissue Location	Brain Fibroblasts Hippocampus Myelin Neuron Neurons Temporal Lobe Thalamus Basal Ganglia
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 4.93 +/- 0.18 umol/L Urine: 10.3 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 11.3 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 18 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 33.2 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 7.7 umol/mmol creatinine
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Canavan Disease Patients with Canavan disease
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood (Patients with Canavan disease): 16.96 +/- 19.57 umol/L Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Canavan Disease): 380.0 (0.0-760.0) uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

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N-Acetylaspartic acid is a derivative of aspartic acid. It is the second most concentrated molecule in the brain after the amino acid glutamate. It is synthesized in neurons from the amino acid aspartate and acetyl coenzyme A. The various functions served by N-acetylaspartic acid are still under investigation, but the primary proposed functions include: 1) A neuronal osmolyte that is involved in fluid balance in the brain 2) A source of acetate for lipid and myelin synthesis in oligodendrocytes, the glial cells that myelinate neuronal axons 3) A precursor for the synthesis of the important neuronal dipeptide N-acetylaspartylglutamate 4)N-Acetylaspartic acid may also be involved in energy production from the amino acid glutamate in neuronal mitochondria.