Propionic acid

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Propionic acid
2D structure for Propionic acid
Chemical Name	Propanoic acid
Chemical Formula	C₃H₆O₂
CAS Number	79-09-4
Chemical Information	HMDB00237
Biochemical Taxonomy	Fatty Acids
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Glycolysis Propanoate Metabolism Pyruvate Metabolism Reductive Carboxylate Cycle (CO2 Fixation)
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Saliva
Tissue Location	Brain Epidermis Fibroblasts Intestine Muscle Neurons Platelet Stratum Corneum Testis Adipose Tissue
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 0.9 +/- 1.2 uM Blood: 1.6 +/- 1.2 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 2.8 +/- 3.2 uM Saliva: 6420 (5920-6920) uM
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Not Available
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Methylmalonyl-coa epimerase deficiency OMIM: 251120 Propionic acidemia OMIM: 606054
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Not Available
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

guidelines
Propionic acid (PA) is widely used as an antifungal agent in food. It is present naturally at low levels in dairy products and occurs ubiquitously, together with other short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), in the gastro-intestinal tract of humans and other mammals as an end-product of the microbial digestion of carbohydrates. It has significant physiological activity in animals. PA is irritant but produces no acute systemic effects and has no demonstrable genotoxic potential. (PMID 1628870) Propionic aciduria is one of the most frequent organic acidurias, a disease that comprise many various disorders. The outcome of patients born with Propionic aciduria is poor intellectual development patterns, with 60% having an IQ less than 75 and requiring special education. Successful liver and/or renal transplantations, in a few patients, have resulted in better quality of life but have not necessarily prevented neurological and various visceral complications. These results emphasize the need for permanent metabolic follow-up whatever the therapeutic strategy. (PMID 15868474) Decreased early mortality, less severe symptoms at diagnosis, and more favorable short-term neurodevelopmental outcome were recorded in patients identified through expanded newborn screening. (PMID 16763906)