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Glycerol
2D structure for Glycerol
Chemical Name	1,2,3-Propanetriol
Chemical Formula	C3H8O3
CAS Number	56-81-5
Chemical Information	HMDB00131
Biochemical Taxonomy	Alcohols and Polyols
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Urine
Tissue Location	Bladder Brain Epidermis Kidney Liver Muscle Myelin Nerves Neurons Pancreas Placenta Skeletal Muscle Skin Spleen Stratum Corneum Testis Thyroid Gland Adipose Tissue
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 40.0 +/- 19.0 uM Blood: 43.0 +/- 9.0 uM Blood: 50.0 +/- 16.0 uM Blood: 82.0 (27.0-137.0) uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 13.5 (11.0 - 16.0) uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 17.5 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 39 +/- 14 uM Urine: 11.5 +/- 138.5 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 11.6 +/- 858 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 17.0 +/- 43.4 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 18.9 +/- 351.8 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 19.6 +/- 34.9 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 3.4 +/- 21.6 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 5.1 +/- 8.8 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 5.7 +/- 9.8 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 6.2 +/- 56.7 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 9.9 +/- 16.8 umol/mmol creatinine
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Glycerol Kinase Deficiency Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM)
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Hyperglycerolemia OMIM: 307030
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood (Glycerol Kinase Deficiency): 4300.0 (1300.0 +/- 7900.0) uM Blood (Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM)): 16.0 +/- 6.0 uM Urine (Glycerol Kinase Deficiency): 10525.0(2630.0 - 18420.0) uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Contents 1 Introduction 2 Biological Function 3 Catabolism 4 Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition 5 Other (Monogenic) Disorders 6 Nutritional Information 7 Drivers for biological variation 8 Vulnerable groups 9 Other resources 10 Links

Introduction

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Glycerol is an important component of triglycerides (i.e. fats and oils) and of phospholipids. Glycerol is a three-carbon substance that forms the backbone of fatty acids in fats. When the body uses stored fat as a source of energy, glycerol and fatty acids are released into the bloodstream. The glycerol component can be converted to glucose by the liver and provides energy for cellular metabolism.

Biological Function

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Catabolism

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Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition

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• Glycerol Kinase Deficiency
• Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(IDDM)

Other (Monogenic) Disorders

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• Hyperglycerolemia OMIM: 307030

Nutritional Information

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Drivers for biological variation

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Stimulation of glucose metabolism is known to inhibit lipolysis by action of insulin. This leads to decreased concentrations of plasma glycerol at 60, 90 and 120 minutes after a glucose challenge (Shaham et al Pubmed).

Vulnerable groups

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Other resources

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Links

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