Homovanillic acid

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Homovanillic acid
2D structure for Homovanillic acid
Chemical Name	2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)acetic acid
Chemical Formula	C₉H₁₀O₄
CAS Number	306-08-1
Chemical Information	HMDB00118
Biochemical Taxonomy	Catecholamines and Derivatives
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Glyoxylate and Dicarboxylate Metabolism Pyruvate Metabolism
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Urine
Tissue Location	Caudate Nucleus Central Nervous System Fibroblasts Kidneys Spinal Cord Striatum Brain
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 0.082 +/- 0.050 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.0004 +/- 0.00006 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.039 +/- 0.021 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.12 +/- 0.07 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.14 +/- 0.046 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.174 +/- 0.075 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.19+/- 0.093 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.20 (0.047-0.35) uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.202 +/- 0.094 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.28 (0.15-0.41) uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.37 +/- 0.08 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.40 +/- 0.075 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.54 +/- 0.211 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.66 +/- 0.33 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.66 +/- 0.48 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.71 +/- 0.34 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.76 +/- 0.38 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.78 +/- 0.42 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.89 +/- 0.47 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.94 +/- 0.11 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 1.14 +/- 0.54 uM Urine: 10.9 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 17.1 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 2.2 (0.4-4.0) umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 20.6 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 4.93 +/- 3.37 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 5.6 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 7.5 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 9.2 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: <=3.618 umol/mmol creatinine
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Autism Down's syndrome Epilepsy Epilepsy not treated with phenytoin Epilepsy with cerebellar and cerebral atrophy Epilepsy with low folate Epilepsy with low thiamine Friedrich's Ataxia GH Deficiency Hypothyroid patients Hypothyroidism Major depression Narcolepsy Olivopontocerebral Atrophy Panic Disorder Parkinson's disease Schizophrenia (Male) Schizophrenia (Women) Schizophrenic patients Schizophrenic patients after treatment with ETC Spastic Ataxia
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood (Schizophrenia (Male)): 0.0623 +/- 0.022 uM Blood (Schizophrenia (Women)): 0.0711 +/- 0.022 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Autism): 0.50 +/- 0.32 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Down's syndrome): uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Epilepsy not treated with phenytoin): 0.05 +/- 0.04 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Epilepsy with cerebellar and cerebral atrophy): 0.05 +/- 0.03 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Epilepsy with low folate): 0.19 +/- 0.09 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Epilepsy with low thiamine): 0.21 +/- 0.12 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Epilepsy): 0.49 +/- 0.08 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Friedrich's Ataxia): 0.17 +/- 0.01 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (GH Deficiency): 0.21 +/- 0.08 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Hypothyroid patients): 0.0002 +/- 0.00005 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Hypothyroidism): 0.00017 (0.00013-0.00022) uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Major depression): 0.20 +/- 0.09 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Narcolepsy): 0.39 +/- 0.091 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Olivopontocerebral Atrophy): 0.17 +/- 0.01 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Panic Disorder): 0.17 +/- 0.084 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Parkinson's disease): 0.16 +/- 0.095 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Schizophrenic patients after treatment with ETC): 0.21 +/- 0.035 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Schizophrenic patients): 0.19 +/- 0.030 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Spastic Ataxia): 0.15 +/- 0.03 uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

guidelines
A dopamine metabolite occurring in human biofluids. A high proportion of patients with neuroblastoma excrete increased amounts of it in their urine. Homovanillic acid is a major catecholamine metabolite. It is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes.(Wikipedia)