Androstenedione

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Androstenedione
2D structure for Androstenedione
Chemical Name	10,13-dimethyl-2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-dione
Chemical Formula	C₁₉H₂₆O₂
CAS Number	63-05-8
Chemical Information	HMDB00053
Biochemical Taxonomy	Steroids and Steroid Derivatives
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Androgen and Estrogen Metabolism Bile Acid Biosynthesis C21-Steroid Hormone Metabolism
Biofluid Location	Amniotic Fluid Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Tissue Location	Adrenal Cortex Adrenal Gland Fibroblasts Gonads Kidneys Liver Muscle Placenta Prostate Skin Testes Testis Adipose Tissue
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Amniotic Fluid: 0.00000000039 +/- 0.00000000018 (0.00000000017-0.0000000008) uM Amniotic Fluid: 0.00000000102 +/- 0.00000000044 (0.00000000013-0.0000000018) uM Blood: 0.001 (0.00034-0.0017) uM Blood: 0.0022 (0.001-0.0034) uM Blood: 0.0040 (0.0013-0.0066) uM Blood: 0.005 (0.0024-0.007) uM Blood: 0.0057 (0.00069-0.01) uM Blood: 0.0059 (0.0023-0.0094) uM Blood: 0.0065 (0.004 - 0.009) uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.00101 (0.00002-0.002) uM
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Cushing's Disease Cushing's syndroms due to adrenal adenoma Post-menopausal
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	17-@beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase III deficiency OMIM: 264300 Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism OMIM: 146110
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood (Cushing's Disease): 0.009 +/- 0.0065 uM Blood (Cushing's syndroms due to adrenal adenoma): 0.0031 +/- 0.003 uM Blood (Post-menopausal): 0.00315 (0.0- 0.0063) uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

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A delta-4 19-carbon steroid that is produced not only in the testis, but also in the ovary and the adrenal cortex. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to testosterone as well as estrone and estradiol. It is the common precursor of male and female sex hormones. Some androstenedione is also secreted into the plasma, and may be converted in peripheral tissues to testosterone and estrogens. Androstenedione originates either from the conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone or from 17-hydroxyprogesterone. It is further converted to either testosterone or estrone. The production of adrenal androstenedione is governed by ACTH, while production of gonadal androstenedione is under control by gonadotropins.