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The NuGOwiki Metabolite Database is a joint initiative of NuGO and HMDB
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All Metabolites | Biochemical | Nutritional | Functional | Metabolic Pathways | Diseases | Phenotypes | Physiological Processes | Protein |
| Growth Hormone | |
|---|---|
| [[Image:{{{Image}}}|thumb|220px|2D structure for Growth Hormone]] | |
| Chemical Name | |
| Chemical Formula | |
| CAS Number | |
| Chemical Information | |
| Biochemical Taxonomy | |
| Functional Taxonomy | |
| Nutritional Taxonomy | |
| Metabolic Pathways | |
| Biofluid Location | |
| Tissue Location | |
| Normal Biofluid Concentrations | |
| Normal Tissue Concentrations | |
| Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition | |
| Other (Monogenic Disorders) | |
| Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations | |
| Abnormal Tissue Concentrations | |
| Physiological Processes | |
| Authors: | L. Pellis |
| Affiliations: | TNO, the Netherlands |
Contents |
Introduction
Human growth hormone (GH, hGH, Somatotropin) is produced in and released from the acidophilic cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Basal levels of GH in normal individuals are usually less than 2 ng/mL and are stable throughout the day. Normal elevations in GH occur following meals, after exercise, and during sleep. Children who fail to grow at the expected rate and who have short stature with apparent normal body proportions often have a diminished capacity to secrete growth hormone. The deficiency may be either congenital or acquired. Growth hormone deficiency in both adults and children may be the direct result of neoplastic or infiltrative disease of the pituitary. It may also follow cranial irradiation for brain tumors and other neoplasms.
Recommended name:
Somatotropin
Alternative name(s):
Growth hormone, GH, GH-N
Pituitary growth hormone
Growth hormone 1
Biological Function
Plays an important role in growth control. Its major role in stimulating body growth is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-1. It stimulates both the differentiation and proliferation of myoblasts. It also stimulates amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in muscle and other tissues.