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The NuGOwiki Metabolite Database is a joint initiative of NuGO and HMDB
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| Glucagon | |
|---|---|
| [[Image:{{{Image}}}|thumb|220px|2D structure for Glucagon]] | |
| Chemical Name | |
| Chemical Formula | |
| CAS Number | |
| Chemical Information | |
| Biochemical Taxonomy | |
| Functional Taxonomy | |
| Nutritional Taxonomy | |
| Metabolic Pathways | |
| Biofluid Location | |
| Tissue Location | |
| Normal Biofluid Concentrations | |
| Normal Tissue Concentrations | |
| Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition | |
| Other (Monogenic Disorders) | |
| Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations | |
| Abnormal Tissue Concentrations | |
| Physiological Processes | |
| Authors: | L. Pellis |
| Affiliations: | TNO, the Netherlands |
Contents |
Introduction
Glucagon is an important hormone involved in carbohydrate metabolism. Produced by the pancreas, it is released when the glucose level in the blood is low (hypoglycemia), causing the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream. The action of glucagon is thus opposite to that of insulin, which instructs the body's cells to take in glucose from the blood in times of satiation.
Biological Function
Glucagon is a 29-amino acid pancreatic hormone that counteracts the glucose-lowering action of insulin by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Glucagon is secreted in the A cells of the islets of Langerhans. Glucagon release is stimulated by hypoglycemia and inhibited by hyperglycemia, insulin, and somatostatin.
Recommended name:
Glucagon
Cleaved into the following 8 chains:
1- Recommended name:
Glicentin
2- Recommended name:
Glicentin-related polypeptide, GRPP
3- Recommended name:
Oxyntomodulin, OXY, OXM
4- Recommended name:
Glucagon
5- Recommended name:
Glucagon-like peptide 1, GLP-1
6- Recommended name:
Glucagon-like peptide 1(7-37), GLP-1(7-37)
7- Recommended name:
Glucagon-like peptide 1(7-36), GLP-1(7-36)
8- Recommended name:
Glucagon-like peptide 2, GLP-2
Catabolism
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition
Associated decreased protein/metabolite profile
Associated increased protein/metabolite profile
Other (Monogenic) Disorders
Nutritional Information
Drivers for biological variation