From NuGOwiki
The NuGOwiki Metabolite Database is a joint initiative of NuGO and HMDB
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| Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) | ||||||
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| Chemical Name | (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoic acid | |||||
| Chemical Formula | C20H30O2 | |||||
| CAS Number | 10417-94-4 | |||||
| Chemical Information | HMDB01999 | |||||
| Biochemical Taxonomy |
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| Functional Taxonomy | Not Available | |||||
| Nutritional Taxonomy | Not Available | |||||
| Metabolic Pathways | Not Available | |||||
| Biofluid Location |
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| Tissue Location |
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| Normal Biofluid Concentrations |
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| Normal Tissue Concentrations | Not Available | |||||
| Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition | Not Available | |||||
| Other (Monogenic Disorders) | Not Available | |||||
| Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations | Not Available | |||||
| Abnormal Tissue Concentrations | Not Available | |||||
| Physiological Processes | Not Available | |||||
| Authors: | |
| Affiliations: |
Introduction
guidelines
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Important polyunsaturated fatty acid found in fish oils. It serves as the precursor for the prostaglandin-3 and thromboxane-3 families. A diet rich in eicosapentaenoic acid lowers serum lipid concentration, reduces incidence of cardiovascular disorders, prevents platelet aggregation, and inhibits arachidonic acid conversion into the thromboxane-2 and prostaglandin-2 families. -- Pubchem; Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA or also icosapentaenoic acid) is an omega-3 fatty acid. In physiological literature, it is given the name 20:5(n-3). Its systematic chemical name is all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid. It also has the trivial name timnodonic acid. Chemically, EPA is a carboxylic acid with a 20-carbon chain and five cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end. It has the molecular formula C20H30O2. -- Wikipedia; EPA is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that acts as a precursor for prostaglandin-3 (which inhibits platelet aggregation), thromboxane-3 and leukotriene-5 groups. It is found in fish oils of cod liver, herring, mackerel, salmon, menhaden and sardine. It is also found in human breast milk. -- Wikipedia
Biological Function
Catabolism
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Atherosclerosis
Other (Monogenic) Disorders
Nutritional Information
Drivers for biological variation
factors found with increased concentrations
- Aging
- Fish Oil
- Pregnancy
factors found with decreased concentrations
- Corn Oil
- Pre-eclampsia
Vulnerable groups
Markers of homeostasis and / or health
| Category | Markers | sign yes/no/? | I/D | S/I | ref | score |
| inflammation, immune response | CRP / hsCRP | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info |
| fibrinogen | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Albumin | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| White blood cell count | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| TNF-alpha | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Il-6 | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Il1-beta | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Il-10 | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Prostaglandin F2alpha | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Thromboxane B2 | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Nitric Oxide (NO) | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Serum Amyloid A (SAA) | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| NfkB | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| alpha1-antichymotrypsin | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| oxidative stress | 8(OH)-DG | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info |
| F2-isoprostanes | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| oxidized LDL | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| SOD | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| TBARS | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| myeloperoxidase | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| nitrotyrosine | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Metabolic stress | diastolic BP | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info |
| systolic BP | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| total cholesterol | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| LDL | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| HDL | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| HDL/TC | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| triglycerides | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| homocysteine | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| tPA/PAI-1 | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Fibrin fragment D-dimer | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Factor VIIa | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| sICAM | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1) | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| fasting glucose | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| fasting insulin | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| OGTT | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| insulin tolerance test | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| HbA1c | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info | |
| fructosamine | Info | Info | Info | Info | Info |
Determinants of requirements
| Category | Determinants of status | sign yes/no/? help | independent of intake yes/no/? |
| general | gender | Info | Info |
| age (adults) | Info | Info | |
| age (children) | Info | Info | |
| ethnicity | Info | Info | |
| physiological status | polymorphisms | Info | Info |
| pregnancy | Info | Info | |
| lactation | Info | Info | |
| menopause | Info | Info | |
| physical fitness | Info | Info | |
| gut flora | Info | Info | |
| anthropometric variables | body weight | Info | Info |
| BMI | Info | Info | |
| waist circumference | Info | Info | |
| fat free mass | Info | Info | |
| Lifestyle variables | smoking | Info | Info |
| physical activity | Info | Info | |
| alcohol use | Info | Info | |
| medication use (incl. contraceptive pill) | Info | Info | |
| stress | Info | Info |