From NuGOwiki
The NuGOwiki Metabolite Database is a joint initiative of NuGO and HMDB
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| CD40 | |
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| [[Image:{{{Image}}}|thumb|220px|2D structure for CD40]] | |
| Chemical Name | |
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| Chemical Information | |
| Biochemical Taxonomy | |
| Functional Taxonomy | |
| Nutritional Taxonomy | |
| Metabolic Pathways | |
| Biofluid Location | |
| Tissue Location | |
| Normal Biofluid Concentrations | |
| Normal Tissue Concentrations | |
| Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition | |
| Other (Monogenic Disorders) | |
| Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations | |
| Abnormal Tissue Concentrations | |
| Physiological Processes | |
| Authors: | L. Pellis |
| Affiliations: | TNO, the Netherlands |
Contents |
Introduction
Human CD40
A receptor molecule on the cell surface of all mature B cells (B lymphocytes), most B-cell malignancies, and monocytes, dendritic cells (in the nervous system), endothelial cells (within blood vessels), and epithelial cells. CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. Together with CD40 ligand, the molecule that binds to it, CD40 is an important contributor to the inflammatory processes that lead to atherosclerosis and thrombosis (clotting).
Rodent CD40
CD40 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the TNF receptor superfamily. The mature mCD40 consists of a 172 amino acid extracellular domain, a 22 amino acid transmembrane region and a 90 amino acid cytoplasmic domain. CD40 is expressed on B cells, follicular dendritic cells, dendritic cells, activated monocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and several tumor cell lines. Interaction of CD40 with its ligand, CD40L, leads to the aggregation of CD40 molecules, which in turn interact with cytoplasmic components to initiate signaling pathways. Interaction between CD40L on T cells and CD40 on B cells stimulates B cell proliferation and provides the signal for immunoglobulin isotype switching. Mutations in the CD40L gene, which result in a CD40L molecule unable to interact with CD40, and is responsible for the hyper-IgM syndrome. Cross-linking of CD40 with antibodies or by binding to CD40L produces cell type-specific responses which include co-stimulation and induction of proliferation, induction of cytokine production, rescue from apoptosis, and up-regulation of adhesion molecules.
Biological Function
Receptor for TNFSF5/CD40LG that is expressed on the surface of all mature B cells, most mature B-cell malignancies, and some early B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemias, but is not expressed on plasma cells. It is also expressed on monocytes, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells.
Catabolism
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition
Associated decreased protein/metabolite profile
Associated increased protein/metabolite profile
Other (Monogenic) Disorders
Nutritional Information
Drivers for biological variation