Bilirubin

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Bilirubin
2D structure for Bilirubin
Chemical Name	3-[2-[[3-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-[(Z)-(3-ethenyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]methyl]-5-[(Z)-(4-ethenyl-3-methyl-5-oxo-pyrrol-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-methyl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]propanoic acid
Chemical Formula	C₃₃H₃₆N₄O₆
CAS Number	635-65-4
Chemical Information	HMDB00054
Biochemical Taxonomy	Porphyrins
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Androgen and Estrogen Metabolism Pentose and Glucuronate Interconversions Porphyrin and Chlorophyll Metabolism Starch and Sucrose Metabolism
Biofluid Location	Bile Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Urine
Tissue Location	Bone Marrow Brain Erythrocyte Fibroblasts Intestine Kidney Liver Liver Predominantly Lymph Node Muscle Myelin Nerves Neurons Pancreas Placenta Platelet Reticulocyte Skin Spleen Thyroid Gland Bile Duct
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 13.0 (5.0-21.0) uM Blood: 8.0 +/- 0.9 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0 - 0.2 uM Urine: 0.032 (0.0019-0.21) umol/mmol creatinine Urine: < 0.1 umol/mmol creatinine
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Crohn's disease Gallstone disease Patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage Severe radiation-induced GH deficiency
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Bile (Crohn's disease): 4600 (3900-5300) uM Bile (Crohn's disease): 5000 (4300-5700) uM Bile (Crohn's disease): 5900 (4300-7500) uM Bile (Gallstone disease): 2600 (2400-2800) uM Blood (Severe radiation-induced GH deficiency): 8.8 +/- 1.22 uM Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage): 17.3 +/- 12.4 uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

guidelines
A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME. -- Pubchem; Bilirubin is a yellow breakdown product of normal heme catabolism. Its levels are elevated in certain diseases and it is responsible for the yellow color of bruises. Bilirubin is an excretion product, and the body does not control levels. Bilirubin levels reflect the balance between production and excretion. Thus, there is no "normal" level of bilirubin. Bilirubin consists of an open chain of four pyrroles (tetrapyrrole); by contrast, the heme molecule is a ring of four pyrroles, called porphyrin. -- Wikipedia