From NuGOwiki
The NuGOwiki Metabolite Database is a joint initiative of NuGO and HMDB
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All Metabolites | Biochemical | Nutritional | Functional | Metabolic Pathways | Diseases | Phenotypes | Physiological Processes | Protein |
| Betaine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chemical Name | 2 trimethylammonioacetate |
| Chemical Formula | C47H84O2 |
| CAS Number | 107-43-7 |
| Chemical Information | HMDB00043 |
| Biochemical Taxonomy | |
| Functional Taxonomy | Osmolyte Glycine, Serine and Threonine Metabolism Methionine Metabolism |
| Nutritional Taxonomy | Not available |
| Metabolic Pathways | Methionine Metabolism |
| Biofluid Location | Urine Breast_Milk Blood |
| Tissue Location | Adipose Tissue Adrenal Cortex Adrenal Gland Bladder Epidermis Fibroblasts Gonads Gut Intestine Kidney Liver Liver Predominantly Pancreas Placenta Platelet Prostate Skeletal Muscle Skin Spleen Stratum Corneum Testes Testis |
| Normal Biofluid Concentrations | Urine: 49.6 (6.4-92.7) umol/mmol_creatinine Urine: 18.6 (4.868-32.4) umol/mmol_creatinine |
| Normal Tissue Concentrations | Not available |
| Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition | Lung Cancer |
| Other (Monogenic Disorders) | Methylcobalamin deficiency, CBLG type; Homocystinuria-megaloblastic anemia due to defect in cobalamin metabolism,; CBLG complementation type OMIM: 250940 |
| Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations | Urine (Lung Cancer): 6.0 (0.0-16.0) umol/mmol_creatinine |
| Abnormal Tissue Concentrations | Not available |
| Physiological Processes | Not available |
| Authors: | |
| Affiliations: |
Contents |
Introduction
guidelines
Betaine or trimethylglycine is a methylated derivative of glycine. It functions as a methyl donor in that it carries and donates methyl functional groups to facilitate cellulite necessary chemical processes. The donation of methyl groups is important to proper liver function, cellular replication, and detoxification reactions. Betaine also plays a role in the manufacture of carnitine and serves to protect the kidneys from damage. Betaine has also been of interest for its role in osmoregulation. As a drug, betaine hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the treatment of hypochlorhydria. Betaine has also been used in the treatment of liver disorders, for hyperkalemia, for homocystinuria, and for gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th Ed, p1341)
Biological Function
Catabolism
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition
- Lung Cancer
Associated decreased protein/metabolite profile
Associated increased protein/metabolite profile
Other (Monogenic) Disorders
- Methylcobalamin deficiency, CBLG type; Homocystinuria-megaloblastic anemia due to defect in cobalamin metabolism,; CBLG complementation type OMIM: 250940