Androsterone

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Androsterone
2D structure for Androsterone
Chemical Name	(3R,5S,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S)-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-one
Chemical Formula	C₁₉H₃₀O₂
CAS Number	53-41-8
Chemical Information	HMDB00031
Biochemical Taxonomy	Steroids and Steroid Derivatives
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Androgen and Estrogen Metabolism Bile Acid Biosynthesis C21-Steroid Hormone Metabolism Pentose and Glucuronate Interconversions Porphyrin and Chlorophyll Metabolism Prostaglandin and Leukotriene Metabolism Starch and Sucrose Metabolism
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Urine
Tissue Location	Most Tissues Primarily Liver Prostate Testis Intestine
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 0.0006490 (0.00053-0.00088) umol/L Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): 0.00016 +/- 0.000058 uM Urine: 0.66 umol/mmol creatinine Urine: 6.69 +/- 1.65 umol/mmol creatinine
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Not Available
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Not Available
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

guidelines
Androsterone is an inactive breakdown metabolite of testosterone, the product of a reaction mediated by the enzyme oxidative 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.51, 17beta-HSD). Androsterone is also can be metabolized from other adrenal androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone, dihydrotestosterone or androstenedione, and is considered an inactive end product; however, it can be a physiological effector in its own right. Androsterone might be converted back to dihydrotestosterone. Humans (and other primates) are unique among mammals in having high levels of circulating androsterone glucuronide, a process that is the major role uridine-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17, UGT) enzymes for glucuronidation of steroid metabolism in humans. Conjugation of androsterone is a pathway found in all vertebrates and is widely recognized that the liver is a major site of glucuronidation; however it is now clear that extrahepatic tissues are also involved in the conjugation of compounds to which these tissues are exposed. High levels of androsterone glucuronide found in the human prostate, breast cyst fluid and ovary follicular fluid suggest that glucuronidation of 5alpha-reduced C19 steroids occurs in these tissues as well. In doping control, the ratio of androsterone/etiocholanone provides valuable information that allows the assignment of a urine specimen to a particular person or the identification of urine samples with identical steroid profiles; this is particularly important to detect attempts of urine manipulation including urine alteration and substitution. (PMID: 9188497, 17017935, 14643063, 12943709, 9699884, 17260133)