Anandamide

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Anandamide
2D structure for Anandamide
Chemical Name	(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenamide
Chemical Formula	C₂₂H₃₇NO₂
CAS Number	94421-68-8
Chemical Information	HMDB04080
Biochemical Taxonomy	Misc
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Not Available
Biofluid Location	Blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Tissue Location	Not Available
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): uM
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Subjects after osteopathic manipulative treatment
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood (Subjects after osteopathic manipulative treatment): 0.016 +/- 0.008 umol/L
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

guidelines
Anandamide is a highly potent endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. CB1 receptors are predominantly found in the central nervous system (CNS) where they mainly mediate the psychotropic effects of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and endocannabinoids, whereas the expression of the CB2 receptor is thought to be restricted to cells of the immune system. It was suggested that AEA might inhibit tumor cell proliferation or induce apoptosis independently of CB1 and CB2 receptors, via interaction with the type 1 vanilloid receptor (VR1). VR1 is an ion channel expressed almost exclusively by sensory neurons, activated by pH, noxious heat (>48 degree centigrade) and plant toxins and is thought to play an important role in nociception. Cervical cancer cells are sensitive to AEA-induced apoptosis via VR1 that is aberrantly expressed in vitro and in vivo while CB1 and CB2 receptors play a protective role. (PMID 15047233) Novel prostaglandins (prostaglandin glycerol esters and prostaglandin ethanolamides) are COX-2 oxidative metabolites of endogenous cannabinoids (such as Anandamide). Recent evidence suggests that these new types of prostaglandins are likely novel signaling mediators involved in synaptic transmission and plasticity. (PMID 16957004)