20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

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20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
2D structure for 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
Chemical Name	(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-20-hydroxyicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
Chemical Formula	C₂₀H₃₂O₃
CAS Number	79551-86-3
Chemical Information	HMDB05998
Biochemical Taxonomy	Leukotrienes
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Not Available
Biofluid Location	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Tissue Location	Not Available
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Not Available
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) (Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm): 0.009 +/-0.23 uM
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

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20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a metabolite of arachidonic acid. Cytochrome P450 enzymes of the 4A and 4F families catalyze the omega-hydroxylation of arachidonic acid and produce 20-HETE. 20-HETE is a potent constrictor or renal, cerebral and mesenteric arteries. The vasoconstrictor response to 20-HETE is associated with activation of protein kinase, Rho kinase and the mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway C. 20-HETE also increases intracellular Ca2+ by causing the depolarization of vascular smooth muscle membrane secondary to blocking the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+-channels and by a direct effect on L-type Ca channels. Elevations in the production of 20-HETE mediate the myogenic response of skeletal, renal and cerebral arteries to elevations in transmural pressure. There is an important interaction between nitric oxide (NO) and the formation of 20-HETE production. NO inhibits the formation of 20-HETE formation in renal and cerebral arteries and that a fall in levels of 20-HETE contributes the cyclic GMP-independent dilator effect of NO to activate the large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+-channels and to dilate the cerebral arteries. (PMID: 16258232)