15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid

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15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
2D structure for 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
Chemical Name	(5E,8E,11E,13E)-15-hydroxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid
Chemical Formula	C₂₀H₃₂O₃
CAS Number	73180-00-4
Chemical Information	HMDB02110
Biochemical Taxonomy	Leukotrienes
Functional Taxonomy	Not Available
Nutritional Taxonomy	Not Available
Metabolic Pathways	Not Available
Biofluid Location	Blood
Tissue Location	Epidermis
Normal Biofluid Concentrations	Blood: 0.07 +/- 0.03 umol/L
Normal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Diseases / Conditions Related to Nutrition	Not Available
Other (Monogenic Disorders)	Not Available
Abnormal Biofluid Concentrations	Not Available
Abnormal Tissue Concentrations	Not Available
Physiological Processes	Not Available

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Introduction

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15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is a substrate for Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase and Arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase. Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) are formed by the 5-, 12- and 15-lipoxygenase (LO) pathways. 5- and 12-LO products are mainly proinflammatory in the skin whereas the main 15-LO product 15-HETE has antiinflammatory capacities. In vitro 15-HETE has been shown to inhibit LTB4 formation, 12-HETE formation and specifically inhibits the neutrophil chemotactic effect of LTB4. The inhibition of LTB4 formation is probably due to modulation of the 5-LO because no changes in PGE2 formation have been determined. In vivo, 15-HETE inhibits LTB4-induced erythema and edema, and reduces LTB4 in the synovial fluid of carragheenan-induced experimental arthritis in dogs. 15-HETE has also some immunomodulatory effects. It inhibits the mixed lymphocyte reaction, induces generation of murine cytotoxic suppressor T cells, and it decreases gamma-interferon production by murine lymphoma cells. Furthermore, IL-4 and IL-13 have recently been shown to be potent activators of the 15-LO in mononuclear cells. (PMID: 11104340)